Adhesive capsulitis is also known as frozen shoulder. In adhesive capsulitis, the capsule of strong connective tissue that surrounds the joint becomes tight. Stiff bands of tissue – called adhesions – develop. In many cases, there is less synovial fluid to lubricate the joint. The hallmark sign of this condition is being unable to move your shoulder – either on your own or with the help of someone else.
Cause
Not fully understood, Risk factors include:
Diabetes and other diseases i.e. hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Parkinson’s disease, cardiac disease
Immobilization due to surgery, fracture, or other injury
Symptoms
Dull or aching pain, usually over the outer shoulder area and sometimes the upper arm
Stiffness and/or inability to move shoulder
Diagnosis
Physical examination and medical history consultation
X-rays
MRI
Ultrasound
Treatment
Anti-inflammatory medication
Steroid injections
Physical therapy
Surgery